Hello Friends, In this blog post(What are the various Network Topologies) I am going to let you know about the various network topologies, which are also known as computer network topologies.
In this blog post(What are the various Network Topologies), we are going to discuss What are the 5 network topologies? What are network topologies and their types? What are the 6 network topologies? What is network topology describe the types of topology?…
…what is network topology, tree topology, mesh topology, hybrid topology, star topology, ring topology, and bus topology|What are the various Network Topologies|
The term topology refers to the way a network is laid out. either physically or logically. The connection of two or more devices forms a link and two or more links form a topology.
Five network topologies are explained below one by one|What are the various Network Topologies|
What are the various Network Topologies?
Network Topology: Mesh
In a mesh topology, every device has a dedicated point-to-point link to every other device.
A fully connected mesh network has n(n-1)/2 physical channels to link n devices.
To accommodate those links, every device on the network must have (n-1) input/output ports.
Mesh Network Topology has several advantages which are explained below:
The use of dedicated links guarantees that each connection can carry its data load, thus eliminating the traffic problems that can occur when links must be shared by multiple devices.
It is robust. If one link is damaged, it does not incapacitate the entire system.
It enforces privacy or security. When every add-sent message travels along a dedicated line, only the intended recipient sees it.
Physical boundaries prevent other users from gaining access to a message.
The point-to-point links make fault identification and fault isolation easy.
Traffic can be routed to avoid links with suspected problems.
This facility enables the network manager to discover the precise location of the fault and helps in finding its cause and solution.
The main disadvantage of mesh is the amount of cabling and I/O ports required.
Network Topology: Star
In star topology, each device has a dedicated point-to-point link only to a central controller called the hub.
The devices are not directly linked to each other, but the controller acts as an exchange.
If one device wants to send data to another, it sends the data first to the hub which then relays it to the other device connected to it.
The advantage of star topology is –
Each device needs only one link and one I/O port to connect it to any number of others.
This makes it easy to install and reconfigure.
Less cabling is required.
Easy to add, delete, or move devices as it involves only one connection between a device and the hub.
Robustness; implies that if one link fails, only that link is affected other links remain active.
However, it requires more cabling than the tree, ring, or bus topology.
Network Topology: Tree
A tree topology is a variation of a star. Nodes in the tree are linked to the central hub as is done in Star but every device is not directly plugged into a central hub.
The majority of devices are connected to a secondary hub that in turn is connected to the central hub.
The central hub in the tree is an active hub that contains a repeater to strengthen the transmission and increase the distance a signal can travel.
The secondary hubs may be active or passive. A passive hub provides a simple connection between the attached devices.
The advantages and disadvantages of the tree topology are generally the same as those of stars. However, the addition of secondary hubs adds two more advantages:
It allows more devices to be attached to a single central hub and can increase the distance a signal can travel between devices.
It allows the network to isolate and prioritize communications from different computers.
An example of a tree topology is cable TV technology.
Network Topology: Bus
A bus topology describes a multipoint configuration. Once a long cable acts as a backbone to link all the devices in the network.
The node is connected to the bus cable by drop lines and taps. As a signal travels along the backbone, some of its energy is transformed into heat.
Therefore, it becomes weaker the farther it has to travel. For this reason, there is a limit on the number of taps a bus can support and on the distance between those taps.
The advantage of bus topology is the ease of installation. Backbone cable can be laid along the most efficient path, and then connected to the nodes by drop lines of various lengths.
Also, the bus uses less cabling than mesh, star, or tree topologies.
Disadvantages include difficult reconfiguration and fault isolation.
A bus is usually designed to be optimally efficient at installation. This poses difficulty in adding new devices.
Also, signal reflection at the taps can cause degradation in quality which can be controlled by limiting the number of taps and spacing.
In addition, faults and breaks in the bus cable stop all transmission.
Network Topology: Ring
In-ring topology, each device has a dedicated point-to-point line configuration only with the two devices on either side of it.
A signal is passed along the ring in one direction, from device to device, until it reaches its destination.
Each device has a repeater that regenerates the bits and passes them along to another device.
The major advantage of the ring topology is-
It is easy to install and reconfigure.
It is easy to add or delete a device as it requires moving only two connections.
Fault isolation is simplified.
The major constraints of ring topology are-
The media and traffic consideration (Maximum length and number of devices)
Unidirectional traffic can also be a demerit as a break in the ring can disable the entire network.
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Conclusion:
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